Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-produced molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies, mimicking the immune system’s ability to fight off harmful pathogens. They are designed to target specific antigens, such as those found on cancer cells or viruses. mAbs have revolutionized medicine, being used in treating cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious conditions. Their precision minimizes damage to healthy cells, reducing side effects compared to traditional therapies. Produced using advanced biotechnology, monoclonal antibodies bind specifically to their targets, neutralizing them or marking them for destruction by the immune system. They represent a critical advancement in precision medicine and therapeutic innovation.